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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第26回優秀賞nuclear weapons is not the same as disarming and dismantling existing ones.Whilst there has been noticeable activities associated with nuclear disarmament,particularly between the US and the former Soviet Union, this has largely been mutedby the inability for both states to commit themselves to complete disarmament.National interests still play an important role in both the scope and timing fordisarmament. This inaction and the emergence of new nuclear weapons state doesnot augur well for the prospects for eliminating nuclear weapons.The Role of The United NationsWhen the issue of nuclear disarmament finds its way on the agenda for discussion,people invariably think of the United Nations (UN). One reason for this is that since itsestablishment in 1945, the UN has earned a reputation as the premier peacekeeping andpeacemaking organization in the international system. Although the UN has a visiblecommitment in the areas of global economic, social and environmental justice, one ofits more enduring commitments has been the maintenance of security throughout theinternational system. When states cannot come to a consensus on an issue that affectsall members, the UN has traditionally provided a forum to forge a consensus and to“harmonize[ing] the actions of nations in the attainment of common ends”29 .The UN and DisarmamentThe UN Secretariat's track record in the field of disarmament has been enviable.From small arms to biological and chemical weapons, the UN Secretariat hasworked concomitantly with the General Assembly 30 to achieve substantive outcomes29 The UN Charter (1965) Article I.30 United Nations.2000, Basic Facts About the United Nations, 109-115.771