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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第25回最優秀賞misallocating state resources. The crucial factor nevertheless appears to be the vestedinterest of its elite in expanding the country’s main industrial activity.5. CONCLUSIONWhile the world today is more prosperous than it has ever been before, anunacceptably high number of people still live under conditions that people in the Westcan hardly imagine. Being the poorest region in the world with the least prospectsfor future improvement, Africa presently constitutes the main challenge to theinternational development community.Combating poverty, however, constitutes a highly complicated, multidimensionalchallenge which requires action in many key areas. Considering the magnitude of theproblem, many experts agree that the state is the only entity capable of confrontingthis challenge. Historically, the state has played a vital role in providing social stabilityand fostering development.In those African states where action is most needed, however, a strong andeffective state apparatus is often lacking. Due to indigenous factors, colonialization andthe emergence of neo-patrimonialist governments, the state-building process in Africahas generally lagged behind and in some cases has even fallen apart. Many Africanleaders do not perceive the creation of modern state institutions as in their interest.In order for a state to function effectively and establish itself permanently, physicaland moral authority are indispensable. Physical authority is needed to create a stableand secure internal state environment in which economic activity can flourish andhuman development can take place. Without absolute control over its territory, thestate will not be able to implement any strategy towards the alleviation of poverty.Moral authority or legitimacy is essential as public trust and commitment are663