ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

The UN, as a legitimate international organization backed by 192 Member States,is able to exert a considerable amount of pressure on the elites of badly governedcountries. Such pressure can be applied through imposing sanctions targeting theeconomic and political security of governments. In today’s globalized world, externalrelations are of crucial importance. If all Member States fully commit themselves to‘freeing the entire human race from want’and seriously enforce those sanctions, thefew privileged elites at the top state level will be personally affected. If no externalactor is willing or capable to buy or exploit their oil, diamonds or other naturalresources unless serious efforts are made toward enhancing the welfare of theirpopulations, elites will lose their stake in the current situation. If the UN succeeds touse its full capacity, therefore, it is well capable of inducing regimes to behave in away conducive to the development of their economies and people.Case in Point: BotswanaA good example of a country that to a large degree succeeded in legitimatingits state institutions is Botswana. As a landlocked country, covered for 84% by theKalahari desert and lacking physical infrastructure and the presence of educatedpeople, the prospects for Botswana at the time of its independence from Great Britainin 1966 appeared gloomy. Yet since its independence, real GDP growth has averaged7% per year, transforming it into one of the most successful economies in the world 90 .Botswana has witnessed large increases in human and social development, and hasbeen an open and free democracy despite the hegemony of the Botswana DemocraticParty [BDP] 91 .According to Rheault (2007), diamond wealth, political stability and sound macroeconomicpolicies have provided the foundations for Botswana’s success story.66090Rheault,M.“Stability,GoodGovernanceBoostConfidenceinBotswana”.GallupNewsService,2007.91 Robinson, J.A. and Parsons, Q.N.“State Formation and Governance in Botswana”. Journal of African Economies,Vol.15, 2006, p.103.