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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第25回最優秀賞the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations [UNDPO] states, such peacekeepingoperations may be required to‘lead states or territories through a transition tostable government, based on democratic principles, good governance and economicdevelopment’. Each peacekeeping operation, according to the UNDPO, shares thecommon aims of alleviating human suffering and creating conditions and buildinginstitutions for self-sustaining peace 82.Creating physically conducive internal stateenvironments for the purpose of combating poverty thus falls well under the officialUN mandate.In those countries where internal circumstances have not yet deteriorated tothe point of total state failure, a peacekeeping operation may not be necessary.Across Africa, as Collier states, there are internal struggles to raise the standardsof governance in respect of both honesty and efficiency. Yet often, those striving forchange are fighting unequal battles against those who have the money and the guns 83 .With effective external support, such internal forces can be strengthened and unequalbattles can be won. To whom and by what means this support should be deliveredwill have to be determined by a pool of experts for each individual country. It isbeyond the scope of this paper, however, to discuss these matters in detail.The main issue is that in order for any actor to implement any strategy towardthe alleviation of poverty, the first precondition is a safe internal state environment.Combating poverty, as many experts acknowledge today, is as much a politicalas an economic issue 84 . It is widely recognized that the organizational capacity ofAfrican states in combination with weak authority in is a major obstacle to successfuldevelopment and poverty reduction 85 . Appropriate policies are required to fosterdevelopment. Yet when the internal state environment does not allow for actions to82UNDPO.“MissionStatement”.UNDepartmentofPeacekeepingOperations,2008.83 Collier, P.“Assisting Africa to Achieve Decisive Change”. Centre for the Study of African Economies, OxfordUniversity,2006,p.19.84 Hyden, G.“Governance and Poverty Reduction in Africa”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol.104,No.43,2007,p.1.85 Lubeck, P.M.“The Crisis of African Development: Conflicting Interpretations and Resolutions”. Annual Review ofSociology, Vol. 18, 1992, p.534.657