ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

第25回最優秀賞systems and bureaucracies. Yet without the consent of their citizens, states wouldnot have been able to raise the necessary taxes. Thus they had to make concessions,such as establishing representative institutions which gave the public a say in thegoverning of their daily lives, and creating a legal framework which curbed the powerof the absolutist state 43 . By guaranteeing the interests of their populace throughthe formation of rational-legal institutions, the existence and activities of the stateapparatus gained legitimacy.Out of this transformation, the modern Western state emerged as“a well-definedorganization with a legitimate and continuous monopoly of violence over a definedterritory”44 . Generations passed, however, before the difficult process of adaptationand experimentation driven by external competition and aggression resulted in theacquirement of full state authority and legitimacy 45 . Modern institutions such asthose protecting property rights, supporting strong market economies, and fosteringdemocratic and social arrangements did not develop overnight. Today, most Westernstates, including Japan, can be categorized as rational-legal states 46 . Yet the roadtoward the creation of these states was long and bumpy, and the process by whichthese states were established should not be underestimated.§3.2 State-Failing in AfricaWeak Indigenous State InstitutionsWhile most nations today largely fit Weber’s profile of a modern state, the majorityof states on the African continent still find themselves in the early phases of statebuilding.Heads of African states are generally those able to most effectively employtheuseofforce.Ethiopia,Eritrea,Uganda,Rwanda,Zimbabwe,Mozambique,Namibia43 Robinson, J.A. and Parsons, Q.N.“State Formation and Governance in Botswana”. Journal of African Economies,Vol.15,2006,p.102.44 Schwartz, H.M. States versus Markets: The Emergence of a Global Economy. New York: Palgrave MacMillan 2000,p.12.45 Shirley, M.“Institutions and Development”. The Ronald Coase Institute, 2003, p.21.46 NationMaster Encyclopedia.“State”. 2009.649