ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

第25回最優秀賞§2.2 Economic Growth and DevelopmentThe State and DevelopmentNext to providing social order and stability, the state is generally acknowledged asthe principal catalyst for bringing about change and development within its borders.As Migdal states,‘Even in the most remote corners of those societies with the neweststates, the personnel, agencies and resources of the state have reshaped political andsocial landscapes’14 . Most experts agree that a strong state with effective control overits territory is a prerequisite for successful development and poverty reduction 15 .Historical evidence also demonstrates that the intense involvement of the state iscrucial in determining development outcomes. As Wertheim notes, the Dutch“GoldenAge”in the 17 th century was brought about by strong state regulation regarding theimport of raw materials and the exportation of manufactured goods 16 . In Great Britain,the provision of collective goods such as infrastructure, capital and legal systems bythe state enabled durable industrialization 17 . In Japan, state efforts to capture theagricultural surplus and channel it back to society by investing in railroads, largefamily-owned merchant companies and generic heavy industries critical for militarysecurity proved indispensable for the country’s industrial development 18 . In otherrelatively late industrializers such as Taiwan, South Korea, Vietnam and China, thestate also played a vital role in promoting industrialization by implementing policiesthat included e.g. land reform, targeting of investments and credits toward selectedindustriesandsupportingtheestablishmentofmarketingandresearchfacilities19.14 Migdal, J.S. Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World.NewJersey:PrincetonUniversityPress,1988,p.xiii.15Ibid.,p.34.16Wertheim,W.F.“TheStateandtheDialecticsofEmancipation”.DevelopmentandChange23/3,1992,pp.257-281.17 Schwartz, H.M. States versus Markets: The Emergence of a Global Economy. New York: Palgrave MacMillan 2000,p.87.18Ibid.,p.96-97.19 Mengisteab, K.“New Approaches to State-Building in Africa: The Case of Ethiopia’s Ethnic-Based Federalism”.African Studies Review Vol. 40, No. 3, 1997, p.114.645