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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

is that it may be necessary to contain some aggressive behavior, but unless theunderlying causes of a conflict are treated there can be no resolution of that particularconflict, let alone prevention of similar conflicts in the future. 10While its role in treating these fundamental root-causes of conflicts isindispensable, the concept of inter-cultural dialogue in conflict resolution is acomplicated issue. As Avruch suggests, such complication is necessary, because theworld of social action, including conflict and its resolution, is a complex one. 11Forthe sake of concision, the concept of inter-cultural dialogue, in this paper, refers topursuing a“mutual understanding that transcends the differences”that led to conflictin the first place. 12 It calls for dealing with disputes among various (religious, ethnic,or tribal/clan) communities through fundamental“recognition of cultural co-existenceand un-biased interaction of the peoples, regions and cultures of the world, as valuesthat are complimentary to one another rather than as distinctive features that aremutually exclusive”. 13These values include the respective beliefs, norms, symbols,institutions, and rights for self-identity and culture, of the communities in question.“Humanitarian intervention”in this paper mainly refers not so much to theapplication of pressure (economic, diplomatic or even sanctions) but to a particulartype of intervention: military intervention.The term refers not to an action“undertaken for slated purpose of protectingorassistingpeopleatrisk”,buttoa“militaryinterventionforhumanprotectionpurposes”. 14 10“For instance, Wallensteen suggests that“conflict resolution is associated with a purposeful search for waysof accommodating the explicit interests of the parties in conflict”. See Peter Wallensteen.“The Resolution andTransformation of International Conflicts: A Structural Perspective,”in Raimo Vayrynen ed., New Directions inConflict Theory: Conflict Resolution and Conflict Transformation, London: SAGE, 1991, p. 129. Also, for similardefinition, see Hugh Miall et al., Contemporary Conflict Resolution: The prevention, management and transformationof deadly conflicts, Cambridge: Polity Press. 1999. p. 21.11Avruch,op.cit.,p.6.12 Koichiro Matsuura, Conference on Dialogue of Civilizations, http://www.unesco.org/bpi/eng/unescopress/2001/0l-62e.shtml.13 Sonia Mendieta de Badaroux, Ibid.18814“For details, see ICISS, op. cit., p. 9.