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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

and of reaching a helping hand to those in need. Learning and accruing our knowledgeis thus the true essence of peace which is set as basic moral precondition also by themain religions1.2. From crisis management to crisis preventionWhen a crisis situation arises, it indicates the existence of unresolved problems.This is common to every crisis situation even if a crisis can assume different formsfrom latent conflicts between concerned parties to aggressive behaviour even waragainst other people or countries. How to solve a crisis?Recently a most aggressive form of crisis, terrorism came to the forefront. Manypoliticians and specialists are calling up to a merciless fight against terrorism, askingdeath or life sentence for terrorists. This is a way of eliminating or eradicatingterrorism in absolute terms.2A tit-for-tat approach, however, would furtheraggravate hostility and lead to broadening warfare. Would not have been negotiationswith terrorists of highjacked airplanes, those would have been blown up and lives ofinnocent passengers could not have been saved. It seems therefore probably moreappropriate to use the term“crisis management”implying the attempt to solve acrisis in its complexity and mainly to achieve the most humanistic outcome.As crises are originating from problems, crisis management cannot be successfulwithout going to the root of problems. Such problems can be poverty and isolationof certain nations or regions, the lack of technology for development, low level ofeducation. Quite interestingly, after the September 11 events not only militaryretaliation was sought, but a wave of learning emerged to know more about theorigins of terrorism and to find remedies. Hopefully, the reconstruction plan forAfghanistan will help to overcome the isolation of that region and will soon start an1641“Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they do’(Jesus says when being crucified, Luke 23:34)Buddhasees the final reason in learning and“self-enlightment”. Knowledge is essential to avoid harm-doing, but also to dobenefitforothers.2In the field of morals and law, B. Leiser’s view is well representing this line. According to him, claims of terroristsare insatiable hence non-negotiable and they should be put to death.(Liberty, Justice and Morals: ContemporaryValue Conflicts, New York, Macmillan 1979).