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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第29回奨励賞shaping international relations, such as decolonisation or the spread of human rights,and recognises the role of actors other than states, such as NGOs, internationalorganisations or civilian movements. At the same time, the human security conceptdoes not reject the importance of state security. Indeed, it reinforces the need tocreate secure international and domestic environment at the first place, as people canonly be safe in such environment.In sum, human security extends the scope of threats the UN should provideprotection from. Section 3 analyses the UN’s contribution to eliminating threats fromarmed conflicts and section 4 discusses the its role in promoting development as away to eliminate socioeconomic hazards.3, Freedom from Fear(i)Collective Security and the Prevention of Interstate WarThe most obvious threat to a population is the outbreak of war. In order to assessthe UN’s contribution to security, first its achievements in preventing armed conflictsshould be looked at.Until World War II‘armed conflict’meant primarily interstate war. As the textof the UN Charter reflects, its drafters anticipated that this would remain the samein the post-World War era. In order to prevent interstate aggression, the UN Charterestablishes collective security. Collective security deters countries from attackinganother by making a credible threat that the international community would takecollective action to protect the state under attack.1065