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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第29回優秀賞example, in Syria, some report that civil war in Syria is becoming the conflict betweensects (Sterling, Abedine and Abdelaziz, 2012). It shows that it is difficult to make state,in the state where people do not share the national identity. Education should createthe national identity, and it will reduce conflicts between sects or tribes. When peopleshare the same identity in the state, there will be order and solidarity, and they willenable to make their own democratic government.Unlike the HRC, consolidation of democracy is an important element of the UNDCbecause democratisation process ends with consolidation of democracy. Withoutconsolidation, the state can back to an authoritarian regime again. Consolidation isdifficulttobeseen,butPrzeworskibelievesdemocracyisconsolidated:when most conflicts are processed through democratic institutions, when nobodycan control the outcomes ex post and the results are not predetermined ex ante,they matter within some predictable limits, and they evoke the compliance of therelevant political forces. (Przeworski, 1991: 51)This criterion is appropriate for judging consolidation of the state. When this conditionis achieved, the purpose of the UNDC is realised, and it withdraws from the state.IndustrialisationIndustrialisation is crucial to democratise states. Some scholars point thatindustrialisation can help democratisation (Huntington, 1991: 59; Inglehert and Welzel,2009). Inglehert and Welzel (2009: 37) state that industrialisation changes people’svalue from traditional one to“secular-rational”one. As a result, industrialisation bringsdemocracy in a ling run (Inglehert and Welzel, 2009). Huntington (1991: 66) explainsthat industrialisation makes middle class, which demands democracy. In other words,people tend not to want democracy without industrialisation. Industrialisation is onepossible condition for democracy.1007