ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

uprising. Also, transplacement is a better way when we think about the aftermathof the democratisation. Transformation unlikely happens because people usually donot like autocrats to remain. When replacement occurs, there remain people whosupport the autocrat of the old regime, which was overthrown. It can lead to anotherconflict even after state to be democratised. To prevent this happens, the UNDCshould protect the autocrat. Ethically, people may want to punish the autocrat, butthere will be more“political cost”than“moral gains”when people punish dictator(Huntington, 1991: 231). To avoid this conflict, the UNDC should take the strategy oftransplacement.The UNDC should set the free election system under judicial independence. AsDahl and Huntington suggest, free election is the minimum condition of democracy(Dahl, 1971: 3; Huntington, 1991: 9). To ensure free election, judicial independence isimportant. The Election itself does not always guarantee democratic government. Forexample, there was a presidential election in Egypt, but candidate was only HusniMubarak, former autocrat of Egypt, and other people could not stand for the electionfor a long time. If there is not judicial independence, democracy does not realise. Withjudicial independence, election system leads to democracy.Education is crucial to consolidate democratisation. As Boutros-Ghali (1996:para. 21) states, democratisation should begin with making“a culture of democracy”.Culture of democracy cannot be emerged only with the work of the UN or externalagencies, but people in the state should make their own culture of democracy.Education will first be provided by the UN, but people have to be active to createtheir own education and a culture of democracy. Also, it is very important to create anational identity through education. Generally, states have many nations or ethnicitieswithin the state in Not Free states. It is the difficulty to democratise states. For1006