ブックタイトル佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

概要

佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

involves a larger number of participants within each party. The greater the diversityand number of people involved then the greater is the likelihood that a resolution maybe reached. It may be that the parties to the process would like the mediator to playa more active role in promoting the settlement and may have a statutory rule. Thepoint is that the chosen process is entirely up to the conflicting parties and that therole of the UN is merely to meet the needs of each party throughout the process.Before discussing the logistical details of such a proposal it is important to considerthe reasons for its recommendation. Firstly we must discuss the present systemand means of negotiation used to resolve ethnic conflict. In the current state ofaffairs formal peace talks usually only occur after or in an advanced stage of conflict.Negotiations are also usually conducted under undue duress in an environment that isnot conducive to mediation since the sword is never too far away.As mentioned, one of the key difficulties in negotiations of past and present is thattypically the process begins after heated exchange or armed conflict between the twoparties. In the case of Kosovo, the Yugoslavian President Milosevic and US Secretaryof State, M. Albright -- on behalf of the ethnic Albanian Kosovo community -- engagedin closed-door negotiations. The talks begun after reports of“ethnic cleansing”whereup to 2,000 Albanians were reported as killed by the Serbian regime. The result aftersome months of talks was a loggerhead and subsequent NATO invasion of Kosovo.The situation in East Timor was less timely in terms of the negotiation and moresevere in terms of the reported carnage. The ethnic conflict began in 1975 whenIndonesia invaded the Portuguese province and since that time it is estimated thatover a quarter of the then population, over 200,000 people have died as a result. Thecommencement of negotiations was not a result of ethnic cleansing but rather due tothe movement for self-determination some twenty-four years later.886