ブックタイトル佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

概要

佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

第16回佳作mainly inter-state conflicts. 13Consequently, we do not have a solid ground on whichto base our evaluation of UN interventions in ethnic conflict and put forward somesuggestions for the future.In the areas of inter-state conflict too the UN’s activities had been constrained byorganizational and structural problems. These same problems have inhibited recentUN attempts to play an assertive/effective role in dealing with ethnic conflicts.Therefore, it seems almost certain that it would be suggestive first to look into theseconstraining factors before we make a tentative recommendation as to how the UNrole could be enhanced with respect to ethnic conflicts.The activities of the UN that are aimed at maintaining international peace andsecurity fall under the general rubric of collective security -- an international forumwhich is based on the central premise that there is more chance for peace if statesact together in the field of security. Theoretically, the principle presupposes theparticipation of all states when responding to the breach of the peace. Analysts donot agree on the desirability and feasibility of such system of collective securityunderstood as such. 14Those who do not consider it desirable -- mostly so calledpolitical realists -- argue that, traditional diplomacy rather than collective securitywill remain the enduring feature of international relations because the former hascontributed to peace than the latter. 15For others, although the idea of forming acollective security regime is desirable, the conditions necessary for its formation arenon-existent. One such condition is major power satisfaction with the status quo. 16There are analysts belonging to yet another group that acknowledge the obstaclesin forming a collective security regime but also believes that the task is worth trying.This class of analysts warns us, unless governments can agree on basic principles13 For an up-to-date review of the subject see, C. Patterson, The Oxford 50th Anniversary Book of the United Nations（Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1995）; also S. D. Bailey and S. Daws, The United Nations. AConcise Political Guide（London: Macmillan, 1995）.14 For a theoretical account of the debate among different schools of thought, see A Bennett and J. Lepgold,“Reinventing Collective Security after the Cold war and Gulf Conflict,”Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 108（No. 2）,1993, especially pp. 216-222.15 For one such view see, A. Eban,“The UN Idea Revisited,”Foreign Affairs, September/October, 1995, pp. 39-71.16 For example, see R. Jervis,“Security Regimes,”in S. D. Krasner（ed.）International Regimes（Ithaca: CornellUniversity Press, 1983.）857