ブックタイトル佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

概要

佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

第15回優秀賞? Technology Transfer from the South to the NorthAs we have seen, the Grameen Bank has developed into an enormously successfulenterprise. This has inspired many communities all over the world. Grameen-stylemicro-credit projects have emerged not just in the global South but also in many partsof the industrial North, thus making the micro-credit project truly global in scope. 15“The Full Circle Project,”set up in 1998 by the Women’s Employment Enterprise& Training Unit based in Norwich, UK, was one of the latest such examples in theNorth. 16Just like the Grameen Bank, the Full Circle targets low-income womenwho are encouraged to join a“borrowing circle”of three to five other women. This“borrowing circles”provides peer pressure or“social collateral,”where everybody isresponsible for supporting all the other members and committed to the success of oneanother’s small business projects. Like Grameen, it is not until the first individual’sloan (normally 500 pounds) is paid off that other women in the group can apply.The fund for the Full Circle comes from one of the UK’s major commercial banks --NatWest. The head of Community Investment at NatWest expressed pragmatismwhen he said that he hoped those new businesses would use their services when theywere up and running. This suggests that the microcredit project represents a happymarriage of realistic developmental instruments and private-sector self-interest.In Canada, the Royal Bank of Canada -- the nation’s largest bank -- will soon startproviding women in economically depressed areas of Atlantic Canada with microloans(C$5,000 or less). In partnership with Women’s World Finance, a Nova ScotiabasedNGO, the bank will, by the end of 1998, start accepting Internet applicationsfrom women, and require no collateral or credit history. 17Nevertheless, it is probably in the US that micro-credit organizations havedeveloped most extensively. The Association for Enterprise Opportunity (AEO) was15 Grameen-style banks in the South abound. Bolivia’s BancoSol (Banco Solidario, S.A.) is a highly successful suchexample. BancoSol uses“solidarity groups”of four to seven borrowers in which each group member is responsible forthe loan. Started in 1992 as a microlender, it currently serves over one-third of the country’s banking customers.16“Micro-Credit: Macro-Gain,”Television Trust for the Environment On-line News (2/9/98) (website:http://195.99.129.190/cfdocs/tve/news/doc.cfm?aid=176).17 The Globe and Mail, (November 7, 1998).683