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佐藤栄作論文集9~16

第15回優秀賞one thing to argue that the two worlds have their own internal dynamics, and it isquite another to argue that they exist independently of each other.For our purposes, we assume instead that (1) the state remains the most importantunit of global politics and that (2) it is in the process of reinventing itself in the faceof contemporary globalizing forces, as Thomas Callaghy suggests. 8Rather thanassume the duality of global politics, we would fare better by positing that thereexists a complex form of“transgovernance”in which“states are linked in increasinglycomplex networks composed of officials from other states, international organizations,corporations, banks, law and lobbying firms, and a rich array of non-governmentalorganizations (NGOs) that are beginning to constitute a rough sort of global civilsociety 9 In other words, the state, rather than retreating, is quietly reconfiguring itselfthrough transgovernance, thereby actually strengthening its role in global affairs. 10Although its organic charter begins with the phrase“We the Peoples,”the UNpersistently continues to be an organization of sovereign states and therefore, cannotbut reflect the above reality of state-centered transgovernance. Thus, in exploringwhat roles the UN should play (or should be playing) in the era of globalization, wemust build our argument upon the above assumption. In other words, we assumethat global politics constitutes a complex form of transgovernance in which thestate continues to be a predominant actor and that the UN, being a truly planetaryorganization of states, serves as an arena in which that transgovernance plays itselfout on a daily basis.Therefore, as opposed to Rosenau who envisions the UN serving as a bridge, i.e., aneutral conduit, between the state-centric world and the multi-centric world, we arguethat the UN, as a core organization for transgovernance, must have the following dualroles: one is to directly empower the groups of potential and actual losers/victims of8Thomas M. Callaghy,“Globalization and Marginalization: Debt and the International Underclass,”Current History(November 1997), pp. 392-396.9Ibid., p. 392.10 Regarding“the state in retreat,”see, Susan Strange, The Retreat of the State: The Diffusion of Power in the WorldEconomy, (Cambridge University Press, 1996).679