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佐藤栄作論文集9~16

第15回優秀賞poor parents in the Philippines waiting for monthly remittances from their daughterworking as a house maid in the Middle East; it may mean a non-governmentalorganization successfully bringing a major disarmament treaty to fruition by means ofnetworking with their counterparts across the world through the Internet and othertelecommunications technology.In this essay, we use the definition of globalization formulated by James Rosenau,one of a few International Relations (IR) theorists who have been tackling the issuesof globalization.“Globalization,”according to Rosenau, is a process which arises fromand which finds expressions in,“any technological, psychological, social, economic, orpolitical developments that foster the expansion of interests and practices beyondestablished boundaries.”1The most significant characteristic separating globalizationfrom any other process is the fact that globalizing processes innately are worldwide inscale. Thus, as long as it has the potential of spreading ceaselessly and thus is capableof readily transgressing national jurisdictions, any interactional sequence is consideredas reflecting globalization at work. 2Put differently, globalization is a“boundarybroadening”process, which allows people, goods, information, norms, practices, andinstitutions to move around regardless of, or oblivious to, state boundaries.To better grasp the concept of globalization, let us contrast it with some of itsneighboring concepts. It is different from the concept of globalism because thelatter represents ideologies or aspirations seeking to create a world in which allthe inhabitants share common cultural traits. It is also different from McLuhan’scelebrated concept of a“global village”because the latter represents a desired endresult. 3 Hence the concept of globalization is neither an end itself nor an ideology. It isa“process”advancing daily on a planetary scale.1James N. Rosenau,“The Complexities and Contradictions of Globalization,”Current History, (November 1997), p.361.2Ibid.3Marshall McLuhan, The Gutenberg Galaxy, (University of Toronto Press, 1962).675