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第7回優秀賞beenmorethan100warssELncetheendofWorldWarI.Apartfrom outrt.ghtwar,maTZyThird WorldsocietieshavebeenrentbyseriousdomesticconjTict,alongbutalsoacrosclas,ethlu'C,t･elt'giousorideologL-catlinesofdivLIsion,resultingbothfrom thedestabilizingE'mpactofdevelopmentandfrom theabsenceofdevelopment."7)Thecausesofwararemanyandvaried,includingteritorialdisputes,issuesofhonor,religiousfervor,racialandnationalhatreds,unstablepoliticalaliances,andthefわrcesasociatedwithmodernization.Thegrowthofworldpopulation,however,combinedwithincreasedworld-wideexpectationsorhighermaterialstandardsofliving,hasmadethescarcityofresourcesandtheiracquisitiontheunderlyingcauseofmodernconflict-whetherimaginedorreal.ThecurentinstabilityintheMiddleEast,alongwiththeclearlyvitalimportancetheregionholdsformanyindustrializedcountries,isbutoneexampleofthatfact.Part I:KnowledgeasPowerAIvinTofner,inhisnew book,Powershlft,8)claimsthatknowledge(whichhedefinesasdistiledandinterpretedinformation)iscapableofbeingtranslatedintopowerinwayswhichwouldnothavebeenposibleinthepast.Militarypower,atleastasithasbeenunderstoodoverpastcenturies-astheexerciseorbrutefわrce,maysoonbesupplantedbyanotherfわrm orpower.Thatnew form ofpower,saysTofner,wilcomefrom knowledge-andtheefectiveutilizationofinformation.Attheveryleast,saysTomer,becauseweliveinaworldofincreasinglycomplextechnology,"(I)ogic,inference,epE-Stemology-inshort,brainwork,humanandmachine-istoday'sprecondit'on7)FromanaddresbyfわrmerRectorSoedjatmokoortheUnitedNationsUniversitytothe25thAnniversaryWorldConferenceoftheSocietyforInternationalDevelopment,inBaltimore,Maryland,USA,July19,1982.8)AlvinTomer,PowershLflIKnowledge.Wealth,andViolenceattheEdgeoflhe21StCenluJy(Bantam:NewYork,NY,1990) 835

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