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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

nuclear weapon free world were officially postponed. Review conference of 2000adopted mechanism focused on renewed resolve to realize the NPT-related promisesof the nuclear-weapon states to“cease the nuclear arms race”including stoppingnuclear testing, negotiating reductions of nuclear weapons, and eventually achievingnuclear disarmament. Prospects of abolition of nuclear weapons are not limited todisarmament per se.Popular opinion about science and technology of nuclear energy acquiredstrong skepticism about inherent risks in civilian use of nuclear power. Two eventscontributed to this. Three Mile Island accident and Chernobyl catastrophe greatlydivulged the silent peace movement into international wave of protests which nearlyended further explorations on the front of investment in nuclear power reactors.The ever rising concern about environmental degradation which gained momentumafter the publication of Silent Spring 4in 1960s and after Bhopal Gas tragedy largelyresurrected the credible questions about viability of nuclear energy in reversingimplications of climate change. Thus to implement NPT new techniques weredeveloped. One of the technique is called“environmental monitoring”5-- testing forsmall traces of evidence of nuclear activities in the air, on walls or vegetation in areaswithin or surrounding a nuclear site, or in streams or rivers nearby.Contemporary negotiating efforts and marginal cumulative success:The Third Special Session on Disarmament at the UN in June 1988 called forthe complete elimination of nuclear weapons and in the changing dynamics of theinternational order, total nuclear disarmament appeared to be within grasp. 6 To stopthe new countries from acquiring new nuclear weapons new regulatory mechanism is8184 Silent Spring is a book written by Rachel Carson and published by Houghton Mifflin in September 1962. The book iswidelycreditedwithhelpinglaunchtheenvironmentalmovement5 The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty: History and Current Problems; Arms Control Today, Arms ControlAssociation (2003)6 Jasmin Sing ha, A et. al (2007); Dangerous knowledge: Can nuclear weapons be abolished? Futures 39, 963-972