ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

Towards Nuclear Disarmament - The Role of TheUnited NationsChein LeungEssayThe end of the second World War marked a turning point for weapons of massdestruction. Ironically, as the war ended, nuclear weapons gave more credence, thanever thought possible, to the belief that humanity could destroy itself. No sooner hadthe war just ended did the victorious allies, eager to avoid history repeating itself,inexorably push towards acquiring nuclear weapons in the name of self-defense 1 .Since that time, the international community has yet to have to bear witness to anact of aggression, even during times of conflict, that has involved the use of nuclearweapons.The CTRT and NPTContributing to this relative peace has been the Comprehensive Nuclear Test BanTreaty (CTBT) and the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).Whilst neither treaty have actively pursued the path of disarmament both havesought to promote the use of nuclear technology for non-military endeavors 2 . Muchof the prevailing literature contends that a key concern about the treaties is thatneither the CTBT nor the NPT have substantive provisions to explicitly obligate theparties to eliminate their nuclear weapons 3 . Further, amidst the stringent obligations7641 Kimball, Darryl, 2007, Fact Sheet: The Nuclear Testing Tally. Date Accessed: 19/02/2010. URL: http://www.armscontrol.org. China was the last of the UN Security Council members to begin testing a nuclear weapon device(1964). Prior to this date, the number of nuclear tests recorded by the other permanent UN Security Members hasstartedtodecline.2 The NPT explicitly affirms that nuclear technology should be made available for peaceful purposes (Preamble)whilsttheimplementationoftheCTBTshouldnothamperthepeacefuluseofatomictechnologies(Article13).3 The Treaty on The Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (1970) (Preamble) suggests that Parties to the Treatyshould“undertake effective measures in the direction of nuclear disarmament”. The Comprehensive Nuclear TestBan Treaty (1996) (Preamble) stresses the need for systematic and progressive efforts towards disarmament.