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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第25回佳作“Sustainable Actions for Self-Empowering Development”Laxmisha Rai1. IntroductionEvery day, approximately 50,000 people die from poverty-related causes, 850 milliongo to bed hungry and nearly 1.2 billion people live on one dollar a day or less. 1 Eventhough world food production had doubled since the 1970’s, poverty takes the life ofpoor even now. A child dies from poverty, hunger and disease every three seconds. 2Considering the situation in Africa, the statistics about poverty are alarming. Thirtyover fifty of the poorest countries of the world are located in Africa. 3It has beenestimated that between 40 and 45 per cent of the African continent’s 793 Millionpeople live in poverty, with about 30 per cent classified as extremely poor that isliving on less than one dollar per day. Among all developing regions, Africa hasthe largest proportion of people living in absolute poverty, and that proportion hasremained virtually unchanged for a decade. 4In 2000, world leaders established the ambitious Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) premised on six core values: freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, respectfor nature and shared responsibility to substantially reduce world poverty by the year2015. 5 Even though many world leaders along with UN realized the importance MDGs,we fail to reach substantial progress even after over 8 years. Some experts view thatif the current trends continue, the MDGs will not be achieved until 2147. 6Recently,UN Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, pointed out that no African country will achieve1 Barr, Spring 2005.2 Johnson, August 14‐18, 2005.3 Public Policy and Poverty in Sub‐Saharan, 2007.4 Kabbaj, 2003, p. 4.5 United Nations Millennium Development Goals.6 Millennium Campaign Statement, 2005.723