ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

第25回最優秀賞first goal: reducing extreme poverty and hunger by half, particularly in Africa’72 . AstheDeclarationstates:“We will spare no effort to free our fellow men, women and children from theabject and dehumanizing conditions of extreme poverty, to which more than abillion of them are currently subjected. We are committed to making the rightto development a reality for everyone and to freeing the entire human racefrom want”. 73Good GovernanceThe Millennium Declaration stresses that creating an environment that is conduciveto development and the elimination of poverty, depends inter alia on good governancewithin each country 74 . Good governance, according to the UN Economic andSocial Commission for Asia and the Pacific [UNESCAP], exists when the process ofdecision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not) is participatory,consensus-oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient,equitable and inclusive, and follows the rule of law 75 .Many experts argue that good governance is the key to solving problems such aschronic poverty 76 77 78 . In order to successfully lift African countries out of their povertytrap,seriousinvestmentsareneededinmanycriticalareassuchasagriculture,72 UN General Assembly.“World leaders pledge to reinvigorate‘Global Partnership of Equals’to end poverty, hunger,underdevelopmentinAfrica”.GeneralAssembly,UnitedNations,GA107/48,2008.73“United Nations Millennium Declaration”. Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, GeneralAssemblyResolution55/2,2000.74“United Nations Millennium Declaration”. Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, GeneralAssemblyResolution55/2,2000.75 UNESCAP.“What is Good Governance?”. United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific,n.d.76 Robinson, J.A. and Parsons, Q.N.“State Formation and Governance in Botswana”. Journal of African Economies,Vol.15,2006,pp.100-140.77 Hyden, G.“Institutions, Power and Policy Outcomes in Africa”. The Africa Power and Politics Programme [APPP],DiscussionPaperNo.2,2008.78 Mengisteab, K.“New Approaches to State-Building in Africa: The Case of Ethiopia’s Ethnic-Based Federalism”.African Studies Review Vol. 40, No. 3, 1997.655