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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第17回優秀賞should be provided with the right to respond quickly. Of course, it must first try toseek consent from local government. When consent is impossible to get, we shouldweigh the abuse of human rights (or the breach of international peace) and statesovereignty, and consent from local government should be considered case by case.Under the present law, like the Convention on the Preventive and Punishment of theCrime of Genocide, there is no implementational system, and only persons chargedwith genocide shall be tried by a competent tribunal or in the territory of which theacts will occur. 12This leaves a lot of loopholes for aggressors. As Mr. Akashi says,the current of the times in favor of putting a higher priority on human rights thanindividual state sovereign is irreversible, and we should firmly defend human rightsand international security. 13(2)Solving problems in die economic and social field.Another important issue the UN needs to solve urgently must be problems inthe economic and social field. This issue is closely related to the third one, restoringdamage done to our ecosphere, and one term“sustainable development”will symbolizethese issues.It is obvious in the economic sphere that the gap between the haves and have-notsis becoming wider, and many countries in the North belong to the former and thosein the South the latter. According to the UN charter (Chapter 1, Article 1), one of thepurposes of the UN is to achieve international co-operation in solving internationalproblems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promotingand encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for allwithout distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. The present situation is farfrom this goal. According to the Millennium speech by the Secretary General Mr.12 M. N. Shaw, International Law, 4 th ed., (Grotius Publications, Ltd., Cambridge, England, 1997), 210.13 Yasushi Akashi,“Insights into the World, the dilemma of intervention criteria”Daily Yomiuri, December 18, 2000.49