ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

In reality, however, the UN is far from“neutral”. The Security Council, theexecutive branch of the UN, is occupied by the winner of World War II. Of course,there are other non-permanent members that are elected every two years, but theyhave no veto power and, therefore, are not provided with as much power as fivepermanent members. From the viewpoint of the Third World, not only the SecurityCouncil but also the UN itself reflects the interest of only the First World. Thereshould be some reform in this branch in order to preserve“neutrality”.First, the Security Council should reflect the interests of as many states as possible.We need more diversity in this branch, (giving diversity to the Security Council,however, does not mean the Security Council should reflect the opinion of every state,for it is almost impossible). As is often discussed, the number of the members in theSecurity Council should increase.Second, veto power of the permanent members should be reconsidered. WhenNATO started intervening militarily in Kosovo, the US claimed that because ofstructural problems it would take longer to obtain approval from the UN and that,while waiting, another thousand people would be killed. Aside from the legitimacyof this military intervention, it is true that present system required long reachingconsensus in the Security Council or that consensus is impossible because of theveto power, which has not been changed since 1945. With regard to this problem,I completely agree with Hans Morgenthau who points out that“an overwhelmingmajority composed of the small nations of Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin Americameans little in terms of power as compared with the one veto of the US or the USSR(now Russia).”5It is also important to reinvigorate the General Assembly. After all, this assemblyreflects the opinions of all states better than the Security Council. In this sense, I445 Hans J. Morgenthau, Revised by Kenneth W. Thompson. Politics Among Nations: The Struggle of Power and Peace.Brief ed., (Massachusetts, McGraw-Hill, 1993), 378.