ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

第17回最優秀賞reviewing the present Charter”upon the approval of the same two-thirds, includingany nine members of the Security Council. Moreover, the San Francisco framersapparently hoped that such a general conference would take place relatively soonafter ratification of the Charter. In Article 109（3），they lowered the threshold, sothat if such a conference had not been called by the tenth General Assembly session,in 1955, it could then be convened upon the approval of only a majority of the GeneralAssembly an of any seven members of the Security Council.The San Francisco framers envisaged Charter revision through both Articles 108and 109, and this flexibility within the Charter has proven useful over time. Duringits first 50 years, the Charter has been amended by Article 108 procedures on fouroccasions: in 1963 to enlarge the Security Council from 11 to 15 members, in 1965 toenable a review conference to be held at any time, and in 1971 and 1973 to enlargeECOSOC from 18 to 27 and then to 54 members. It is time for that trend to continue,now with Article 109. In American constitutional law, the“original intent”of theConstitution’s framers is often cited as the final standard of judgment; those whorevere the present UN Charter ought to take into consideration the intent of itsframers -- especially their apparent desire not to bind their heirs forever to structuresappropriate for an earlier time.The vision for the UN described earlier and the forward-looking ideas of severalprominent commissions, working groups, scholars, and policy-makers over the pastdecade provide impetus to initiating a high-level, intergovernmental process designedto secure agreement on the nature and form of new structures of global governancebetter suited to the 21 st century. Implementing Article 109 could set into motion twoyears of preparatory meetings that culminate in a comprehensive United NationsCharter Review Conference similar to the Bretton Woods and San Francisco meetings33