ブックタイトル佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

概要

佐藤栄作　受賞論文集

The so-called self-determination of peoples (directly related to the concept ofsovereignty) reflects, in the context of international relations, coordinating ties amongstates, and not subordinating ones.Along with the emergence of the concept of nation-state, the political usefulnessof nationalism became apparent. Nationalism is primarily a feeling of group cohesionand a certain feeling of distrust and enmity of that group towards an alien one. Suchfeeling is, to some extent, inborn and inevitable, in as much as the community needsto preserve its cultural, racial, religious or historical values. One singular trait insuch nationalism is the possibility to engender positive values and expectations (acommon future, which is for Ortega Y Gasset a sine qua non element in the definitionof nation) by means of religion, customs, historical deeds or laws, serving at once asdistinguishing features in relation to other communities and unifying principles withinthe community. Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859), in his book Democracy in America(1835) observed that the ideals of liberty and equality of conditions served as groupunifyingvalues and as a fundamental premise to governors and governed, to opinions,feelings and behavior of Americans long before and after the independence.Paralleling this, the modem nationalism - with clear political purposes - sewed inthe United States the independence movement and the establishment of a democraticliberalism within a former colonial society.While the American Revolution succeeded in, in the words of Hannah Arendt (1906-1975),‘institutionalizing the freedom’, the French Revolution, which passionatelyclamored the triad‘Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite’, brought about an era of absolutism296