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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

“Great spirits have often encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds”.第20回優秀賞“Humanizing the United Nations: The Role of theIndividual Person in the Rise and the Decline of theNations”.Cristina Saori AsazuAlbert Einstein“He [the average man] wishes to have opinions, but is unwilling to accept the conditionsand presuppositions that underlie all opinion.”Jose Ortega Y Gasset1.Languages and ConceptsTranslating‘minzoku’as‘nation’would not, I believe, dazzle a Japanese at first.Japan is, indeed, a political unit whose people has race, language, and culture stronglyin common.‘Minzoku’, which literally means“race”or“ethnic group”[“min”, civil,ethnic +‘zoku’, family, group] - and, therefore, does not primarily have a politicalmeaning - corresponds positively to the concept (at least the conventional one) thata nation is constituted by a community, circumscribed in a territory, with commonethnic, cultural or historical ties. Nevertheless, the Japanese word for‘nation’wouldfail to define Brazil, Canada or the United States as‘nations.’Also intriguing is the Japanese term‘Kokuren’, short for‘Kokusai Rengou’, whichdesignates the United Nations. Literally,‘Kokusai Rengou’means‘InternationalAlliance’or‘International League’and notwithstanding the absence of the word‘nation’,‘Kokuren’is a term that, even more urgently than‘United Nations’, recalls andreinforces the purposes of the organization:293