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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第19回最優秀賞be highlighted.The fourth part will discuss the application of inter-cultural dialogue to the CentralAsian (CA) setting -- a typical example of a multiethnic region in a transitional stage,under present and potential threat of inter-state conflicts. While the focus of this part ison the CA region, it does offer lessons for other regions with similar problems and issues.The final part of this paper will make concluding observations about the role ofinter-cultural dialogue in UN efforts to resolve international and internationalizingconflicts.Terms, concepts and definitionsThe term“conflict resolution”, most frequently used in this paper, refers to thesolution of the problems which led to the conflict in the first place. Conflict resolutionhas been interpreted and reinterpreted again and again. For instance, some wouldargue that conflict resolution is any strategy which brings a socially visible or publicepisode of conflict (a dispute) to an end. 8Accordingly, they suggest that two mainconcepts of conflict resolution exist -- namely broad and narrow conflict resolution.The broad definition includes four main strategies to resolve conflicts: (a) one-partyexit out of conflict, (b) negotiations, (c) intervention by a third party, (d) struggle toan end by both parties. The narrower concept of conflict resolution, according to thisschool of thought, includes (a) conflict mediation, (b) conflict regulation, (c) disputesettlement, and (e) conflict mitigation.While taking into account the diversity of the concepts mentioned above, thispaper follows Burton’s“problem-solving”approach, which implies concern with thecauses that lead to conflict, rather than with the overt violence and disruptions thatare the manifestations or symptoms of such problems. 9 The message of this approach8 For detailed analysis, see Avruch. op. cit., pp. 25-28.9 On“problem-solving approach”, see John Burton, Conflict: Resolution and Prevention. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1990.187