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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

第18回最優秀賞volumes of transactions, 51 are corporations and only 49 are countries. This studyalso shows that the combined sales of the top 200 corporations of the world is morethan the sum total of GDP of all countries of the world except the top ten. Thesecorporate giants produce 27 % of world GDP and directly employ only 0.78 % of theglobal workforce and, about 50 % of them do not pay the full standard 35 % federalcorporate tax rate. Whilst world economies have barely averaged growth of 5 % theseTNCs have grown by 362.4 % between 1983-99 17 . Governments vie with each other tolower tariff and trade barriers, create infrastructure, and provide insurance at publiccost to attract investment. The result is that whilst economies do grow it is these fewhundred corporations that flourish. Citizen movements across the world are becominghostile to the hard-nosed‘profit first’attitude of these giants and are thus becomingsceptical of the promised benefit of globalisation. Some companies do spend on R&Dto make better medicines or produce more crops. Nonetheless, globalisation, in thepublic perception, does not have, to-date, a human face.A second fact is that the burden of taxes has shifted from the giant corporationsto the common man. There are many studies, which show that giant corporationsrarely pay a tax that is their ethical due and are even able to reduce their taxliabilities to sometimes claim refunds all very legally!! Globalisation gives them moreavenues for reducing their tax liabilities. Thus, the revenues which governmentsactually garner is a minuscule of what they actually garner. 18Developing consistentformulas of corporate taxation, applicable world-wide to tax transnational firms woulddemonstrate to all peoples that the actual rules of trade are in synch with the rhetoricof globalization. One such model is the unit method followed by the United States.Just 0.01 % of total sales turnover of these corporations alone would be more thansufficienttomeetthefundingrequirementsoftheEducationforAllprogram.Inany17 Anderson, Sarah and Cavanagh, John. Top 200: The Rise of Corporate Global Power. httm://www.corpwathch.org/issues.18 Byron Dorgan, Senator, How Corporations Operate Tax Free, Washington Monthly, 18 July 2000, http://www.alternet,org/story.thml?StoryID=9464105