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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

conceptas:“Human security is people-centred. It is concerned with how people live andbreathe in a society, how freely they exercise their many choices, how much accessthey have to market and social opportunities and whether they live in conflict or inpeace.”4This concept gained momentum particularly in Japan, which had long been havinga more complex idea of security. Prime Minister Ohira was one of the first advocatorsof“comprehensive security”(s?g? anzen hosh?) towards the end of the 70s, whichincluded both military and civilian dimensions of security, such as disturbancesin trade or natural disasters. His successor, Prime Minister Suzuki, carried onthis approach and established the Comprehensive Security Cabinet Committee. 5Consequently when the UN started to develop a similar approach to human security,Japan was one of its most enthusiastic supporters. In order to institutionalisethe concept within the UN framework, the Japanese Government sponsored theestablishment of the Commission on Human Security in 2001.The Commission has been co-chaired by two prominent scholars: Amartya Senand Sadako Ogata. The Commission published an in-debt study in 2003, called theHumanSecurityFinalReport.Thereportdefineshumansecurityas:“Human security means protecting fundamental freedoms?freedoms that arethe essence of life. It means protecting people from critical (severe) and pervasive(widespread) threats and situations. It means using processes that build on people’s10624 (Human Development Report, 1994)5 (Hook, Gilson, Hughes, & Dobson, 2012)