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佐藤栄作 受賞論文集

“Many people expect the United Nations to play a major role in world peace and in protectingthe safety and welfare of the people worldwide. Express your views on whether the UnitedNations is sufficiently responding to the expectations, and if‘no’, discuss the causes andconstraints for this failure; if‘yes’, discuss some recent success cases.”Eszter Czeh1, IntroductionSince its establishment in 1945, the United Nations (UN) has been making effortsto prevent armed conflicts and improve security and well-being around the globe.It has launched 87 peace-keeping missions between 1948 and 2012, 1has brokeredimportant agreements to tackle global problems such as armament or climate changeand has been implementing hundreds of development projects, 2 to mention just a fewof its achievements. Moreover, the UN committees have been providing forum forinternational negotiations, bringing world leaders together and promoting diplomaticconflict resolution. Overall, the UN’s contribution to a better world is unquestionable.Whether the UN has done sufficiently enough is, however, a different question.While the majority of people seem to agree, that the UN is“having a positive influencein the world,”3the sufficiency of its actions is often called into question. Criticismscover a wide range of issues, such as the failure to protect civilians in conflicts suchas Rwanda, Srebrenica or more recently in Syria, lagging behind with the MillenniumDevelopment Goals or failing to implement institutional reform in the SecurityCouncil. This essay is a humble attempt to assess how successful the UN has been infulfilling its mandate to create a better world. Given the diversity of issues addressedby UN bodies, it is not easy to give a concise yet holistic assessment. As a guidelinefor analysis, this study will examine the UN’s achievements from the perspective of10601 (List of Peacekeeping Operations 1948 - 2012)2 (Human Development Report, 2011)3 (U.N. Continues to get Positive, though Lower, Ratings With World Public., 2006)