ブックタイトル佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

概要

佐藤栄作論文集９～１６

7 Hedley Bull Human Rights and World Politics in Chapter 4 p. 87.8 Andrew Nathan“Human Rights in Chinese Foreign Policy”The China Quarterly 1994 p.623.9 Ibid. Andrew Nathan p.623.10 Ibid.11 Hedley Bull Human Rights and World Politics in Chapter 4 p. 88.12 Ibid., Andrew Nathan p. 629.13 Ibid., Andrew Nathan p. 622.第16回佳作there is little to indicate that views on human rights have found common ground. Thewestern perspective with a focus on civil and political rights, pioneered by the UnitedStates, talks about human rights in terms of individual liberties such as the freedomof speech, expression, and the right to practice a religion and the right to vote. 7 Theeastern perspective talks of“Asian values”and maintains that cultural, historical andreligious background factors must be taken into account when defining human rightsand hence ethnic conflict. 8An orderly society and social harmony is chief as is therespect for authority, accountability of public authority and openness to new views.Eastern views on human rights have much in common with the positions of socialistcountries and Soviet-induced Third World countries. 9 Rights are seen as given by thestate and to be limited and defined by war. 10 Social and economic rights tend to takepriority over political and civil rights. 11This naturally feeds into the eastern viewsof the state with national rights of self-determination over the rights of individualcitizens within the state. The rights of the individual are for the concern of the stateand not the international community.Generally the view of the east is that only gross and heinous violation of humanrights groups constitutes an ethnic conflict. 12 Where as western scholarly circles havebroadened the justification for humanitarian intervention to extend to ethnic conflictsinvolving violations of the right to self determination or development, colonialism andneo-colonialism, hegemonism, racial segregation, genocide, slavery, large scale creationof refugees and international terrorism. 13The West tends to regard such notions of“Asian values”and group rights as mere excuses for authoritarian suppressive rule.To give an example, in the US there is public outrage each time a political dissident isjailed without trial in China while in China it is unable to be understood that a mothercan be jailed in the US for spanking her child（in China such discipline is a social889