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佐藤栄作論文集9~16

“How can the United Nations best resolve andprevent ethnic conflicts?”Michael PalmerETHNICITY AND THE UNITED NATIONSEthnicity is facing up to be the greatest challenge to the international systementering the twenty-first century. It is with little doubt that it is ethnicity and culturaldiversity that make the world a most fascinating and endearing place however it isalso the source of much misery having brought untold sorrow to mankind. Ethnicconflicts within states are becoming increasingly more common as is the subsequentcall for intervention of the state in the name of humanity. As a direct result of ethnicconflict, homes are destroyed, people are displaced and whole economies, livingstandards are wiped out. It could be said that in this post Cold War world, the roleand aims of the state are evolving somewhat faster than an otherwise natural process.As the prime orchestrating body of states, it follows that the United Nations(UN)has come under increasing scrutiny and criticism in recent years with claims thatit has failed to rise to the challenge with a tested prevention/resolution formula toethnic conflict. It is alleged that the UN has too often failed to act and pre-empt theacceleration of conflicts. When it does act it is criticized that it is too little too late.This paper is not intended to conduct a post mortem on the success and failings of theUN but rather to point out the inherent difficulties it faces and moreover to suggest ameans in which it can better go forward in resolving and preventing ethnic conflict.The key difficulty the UN has is with the very root of the conflicts; ethnicity. Itis the diversity of ethnicity and indirectly respect for the sovereignty of the state882