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佐藤栄作論文集9~16

第14回優秀賞scientific literature is published in Japan, as against 40 % in the U.S. and 34 % inEurope. Such rate is far too low when compared to the amount of money spent andthe number of patents received. I believe that the biggest challenge for Japan towardthe 21st century is to establish a global vision to develop a harmonious relationshipbetween humanity and the environment, and, from that perspective, to take the leadin promoting scientific and technological development around the world.D.Sustainable food habitsWith an increase in disposable income of the Japanese, there has been a gradualshift in food habits, which are environmentally unsustainable. Of late, the consumptionof meat, especially beef, has increased considerably. In Japan, most of the animalproducts are imported, while the remaining livestock are often grain-fed. Grain-fedlivestock farming is a costly and unsustainable way to produce animal protein. Animalprotein production requires more than 8 times as much fossil fuel energy(28 kilocalories for every kcal of protein produced)than production of plant protein whileyielding animal protein that is only 1.4 times more nutritious for humans than thecomparable amount of plant protein. For example, beef cattle production requiresan energy input to protein output ratio of 54:1 as against 50:1 for lamb meat, 13:1 forturkey meat, 14:1 for milk protein, 4:1 for chicken meat, 17:1 for pork and 26:1 for eggs.Likewise, grain-fed beef production takes 100,000 liters of water for every kilogramof food. Raising broiler chickens takes 3500 liters of water to make a kilogram ofmeat. In comparison, soybean production uses 2000 liters of water per kilogram offood produced, as against rice 1912, wheat, 900, and potatoes, 500. Considering thesefigures, one can easily assess the extent of environmental degradation caused bygrain-fed livestock farming. The Japanese public must therefore seriously considertheir food habits in relation to global sustainability.593