ブックタイトル佐藤栄作論文集9~16

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佐藤栄作論文集9~16

第14回最優秀賞a number of organs and interest groups, with no single point of ultimate authority,consensus politics involves a process of satisfying every party. Politics reflects abureaucratic process more than a political competition between elected politicianswith vying political agendas.Since 1993 this rigid structure has been shaken, of course. The LDP experienced aperiod of opposition which appeared to introduce an element of political competition.Bureaucratic reforms under Prime Minister Hashimoto appear to be opening-upgovernment in an attempt to loosen the grip of the bureaucracy and introduce agreater degree of transparency and accountability. This is underpinned by a strongmovement in favour of financial‘deregulation’which is supposedly breaking down thecosy relationship between government and big business and opening-up the countryto foreign competition in the context of international - and especially American -demands. Whether this will be genuinely significant in changing the political structureis questionable. Nevertheless, there is an atmosphere of change - underlined by aseries of key election defeats for‘establishment’candidates 13 - which may be presaginga deeper transformation of Japanese politics which might modernize its relationshipwith the outside world.In practical terms the political structure of Japan has traditionally been said tomanifest itself in a reactive-passive, pragmatic, opportunistic and conservative foreignpolicy tied closely to the national interest and not given to diplomatic leadershipor agenda-setting. The structure is often said to result in weak political leadership;a weak Prime Minister’s Office, for example, which does not have much room formaneuver. 14This fuels the image of a bureaucratically constrained foreign policyin a world where international public opinion usually likes to associate a country’s13 For example Iwami Takao,‘Behind the Growth of the‘No Party’Camp’, and Takabatake Michitoshi,‘The Revolt ofthe Voters’, Japan Echo, vol.22, no.3, 1995.14 Odawara Atsushi,‘How Factionalism is Undermining Japanese Politics’, Japan Quarterly, January- March 1993;Robert C. Angel,‘Prime Ministerial Leadership in Japan: Recent Changes in Personal Style and administrativeOrganization’, Pacific Affairs, vol.61, Winter 1988-9; Edward J. Lincoln, Japan’s New Global Role, Washington, DC,The Brookings Institute, 1993, p.210; Karel van Wolferen, The Enigma of Japanese Power, pp.42-3; Kenji Hayaochallenges the‘structurally weak Prime Minister’s Office’thesis, The Japanese Prime Minister and Public Policy,Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1993.533