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satoh

thrustfortheUnitedNationsandtheUnitedNationsUniversityintheworldsystemortodayandtomorow.MaintainingtIleLow-ProfileMediatingRoleAlthoughonewouldexpecttheUnitedNationstobethelogicalchoiceforamediatingrolebetweentwocountriesatdispute,historyisrepletewithexamplesofcaseswherethishasnotbeenthecase.DirectbilateralnegotiationsorthirdpartymediationshavebeenusedprobablymoreoftenthantheUnitedNations.AsBouldingpointsout,"TheSecretaryGeneralhasonoccasionofered'goodofices'inamediatingrole,andinafewcasesthishasbeen fairlysuccesful,especialywhen coupledwithUnitedNationssecurityforcesintroublespotsliketheCongo(Zaire),Cyprus,ortheIsraeliborders,Indirectdiplomaticnegotiations,however,theUmitedNationsislitleusedandhashardlybeenusedatalindisarmamentnegotiations,alofwhichremindoneofmariagedisputeswithhardlyatraceoramarlagecounselororlabordisputeswithoutatraceofmediationorconciliationservICeS."12Theabovecriticism,theauthorbelieves,lSunfair.Usingthemetaphorofamariagecounselor,Onecanargu,ethatthebroaderpurposeistosavethemariage-nottokeepthemariagecounselorinbusines.Inmanycases,concernedrelatives,friend,andchildrenmightbeabletosavethemariagefarmoreefectivelyandeficientlythantheclinicaldetachmentofaprofesIsionalmanageCOunSelor.Andsoisthecasewithinternationaldisputes.Intheemergingworldorder,itislikelythattheimageryoffreewilandnationalsovereigntyisfartoocompelingnottocommandapremium inthe818